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141 Inflation in the United States and Sweden is expected to be 4 and 9 per cent, respectively, in the forthcoming year and 6 and 7 per cent, respectively, in the year following. The current spot rate for the Swedish krona is $0.1050. Based on purchasing power parity, the expected spot value for the Swedish krona in two years would be: Открыть
142 A forward exchange contract is an agreement to exchange currencies at a … date at a pre-contracted exchange rate. Forward contracts are written by banks and trade between banks in the interbank market and are sold to bank’s clients. Открыть
143 As with the spot market, the forward market is a decentralized, continuous open-bid double-auction market. Forward exchange trades in both outright and swap form, where the latter involves the purchase/sale and subsequent sale/purchase of a …. Открыть
144 A forward premium on a foreign currency means that the forward value of the foreign currency … the currency’s spot value. A forward discount means the forward value is less than the spot value. Открыть
145 If speculators are risk neutral and we ignore transaction costs, the forward exchange rate … the market’s expected future spot rate. Открыть
146 Payoff profiles show the change in value of an asset or liability that is associated with unanticipated changes in … rates. For forward contracts, payoff profiles are upward- or downward-sloping straight lines. Открыть
147 Swaps, which involve a double exchange – usually a spot exchange subsequently reversed by a forward exchange – are traded between banks so that individual banks can efficiently manage their foreign exchange risk. Открыть
148 Options are also valuable to international investors and borrowers, whereas outright forwards are valuable to importers and exporters. Открыть
149 In the interbank market forward exchange rates are quoted as the spot rate plus or minus swap points. The swap points are added to or subtracted from the spot rate depending respectively on the ascending or descending order of the swap points. Открыть
150 It is possible to tell from the order of options points whether a currency is at a forward premium or discount. Открыть